IPv4 Full Explanation. Part-02 | Different Notation Form | NAT | IP address Space
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IP is 32 bit address.
It divideds into 4 octects and each octect can have maximum 8 bit information.
Each octects contain value from 0 to 255.
IP address is a combination of network id and host id.
The address space of IPv4 is (2)^32 or 4,294,967,296.
Network address translation (NAT) is a method of remapping one IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device.
Notation:
(i)Decimal Notation
Example:- 249.155.251.15
It is also known as dotted decimal Notation
(ii) Binary Notation
Example:- 11111001 10011011 11111011 00001111
(iii) Hexa Decimal Notation
Example:
10000001 00001011 00001011 11101111
convertion in hexa decimal: 0X810B0BEF or 810B0BEF16
Note: 0X (or 0x) is added at the beginning or the subscript 16 at the end to show that the number is in hexadecimal.
Find the error, if any, in the following IP addresses:
a) 111.56.045.78
b) 221.34.7.8.20
c) 75.45.301.14
d) 11100010.23.14.67
Solution:
a) There are no leading zeroes in dotted-decimal notation (045).
b) We may not have more than four numbers in an IP address.
c) In dotted-decimal notation, each number is less than or equal to 255; 301 is outside this range.
d) A mixture of binary notation and dotted-decimal notation is not allowed.
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