(M3) Day10 – Networking Ess part7 -IP Address, MAC Address, IP Address IPv4 and IPv6, IPv4 Classes
20240520 105916
WE USE – IP Address, TCP/IP Protocol suite, Twisted Pair -UTP, Star Topology
IP Address MAC Address
Logical Address Physical Address
Uniquely identify a device in network
Can changeable can’t changeable
Assigned/configured by manually Assigned by Manufacturer of NIC
or automatically
Automatically by DHCP Server
IPv4 (32 bit) and IPv6 (128 bit) one version, 48bit represent in 12Hex
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IP Address
Logical Address
IP Address is Uniquely Identify a Device in Network
IP Address assigned/given/configured by manually or automatically
DHCP Server assign/configure ip address to Client Device automatically
IP Address can be changeable, by manually or automatically
IP Address defines Logical Network
Every device must have a ip address to communicate in network
* All communication by ip address
IP Address – IPv4(32 bit) and IPv6(128 bit)
Ex IPv4 – 192.168.10.22
IPv6 – 2001:11AA:BB22:3CC3:D44D:E5E5:FA7C:8ACD , 2001::A, ::1
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IPv4 IPv6
32 bit 128 bit
2^32 = 4.3 Billion 2^128 = 3.4 Billion Billion Billion
4,294,967,296 3.4 x 10^38
Decimal format Hexadecimal
Ex. 192.168.1.34 2001:234A:B6C2:F1A8:6789:ABE3:77AF:E237
IPv4 divided into 4 parts 1 Hexa = 4 bits, 128/4 = 32 Hexa
Each part – 32/4 = 8 bit, called as Octet 4 Hexa as 1 block separated by(:)
4 octets separated by dot(.) 8 blocks
Octet = 8 bit = 2^8 = 256 = 0-255 —————————————-
1st Octet. 2nd Octet. 3rd Octet. 4th Octet = W.X.Y.Z
0-255 . 0-255. 0-255. 0-255
0.0.0.0 0.0.1.0 0.0.255.255 1.0.0.0
0.0.0.1 0.0.1.1 0.1.0.0 1.0.0.1
0.0.0.2 0.0.1.2 0.1.0.1 ..
0.0.0.3 .. .. 1.0.1.0
.. 0.0.1.255 0.1.0.255 ..
0.0.0.254 0.0.2.0 0.1.1.0 ..
0.0.0.255 .. ..0.255.255.255 255.255.255.255
IPv4 Address Range : 0.0.0.0 – 255.255.255.255
IP Address range divided into 5 classes
To check which class of ip address it is, check 1st octet(W) of ip address , with ip address class table.
CLASS A:0-127(1-126)
CLASS B:128-191
CLASS C:192-223
CLASS D:224-239: Multi cast
CLASS E:240-255 – R & D
We can’t assign/configure below ip addresses to a or any device
0.0.0.0 – reserved, use by certain protocols like DHCP, Default routing
0.x.x.x – no
127.0.0.1 – reserved, Loopback/LocalHost – self testing, self accessing
127.x.x.x – no
Can’t assign address in class E (R n D)
Class D – multicast – used by routing protocols(ripv2, ospf, eigrp), bootp .,
* Class A, Class B, Class C are unicast address , which we can assign to our devices
134.89.204.192 – class B
156.78.1.44 – class B
10.2.3.191 – class A
194.2.10.34 – class C
227.127.0.12 – class D
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ipv4
