OPERATING SYSTEMSOS Linux

The History of X11

X, the windowing system for Unix (and other OSs), based on when you count it from is 40 years old, and its still in use. As Wayland looks ready to take over, its time to look back at how we got X11, what we have done with it, and where it is going.

This video is sponsored by PCBWay (https://www.pcbway.com)

00:00 – Introduction
00:36 – The Elephant in the room
01:21 – V and the creation of W, which becomes X
03:04 – Why is X the way it is
03:44 – The world Unix grew up in
07:20 – A brief word from our sponsors
08:05 – From weekend hack job, to the future of the GUI
15:01 – X and its license
18:12 – X11 Adoption
22:13 – X terminals
26:06 – CDE
29:53 – The Unix workstation woes
34:24 – Open source starts to take the lead
42:56 – Everything is 3d now
44:40 – DRI
47:35 – Gnome, KDE, and Xorg
51:30 – Time to clean up X
53:50 – Wayland
56:16 – The future of X
57:24 – Thanks

source

by RetroBytes

linux foundation

50 thoughts on “The History of X11

  • I couldn't find the thumbs up button that your suggested. I did however find one that came from the opposite direction so I clicked on that one 😉

  • xeyes watches what you do and reports to the boss

  • You addressed "X Windows" vs all-the-other-names, but what about Qt? It's supposed to be pronounced "cute" 😉

  • I remember X terminals when I was in the Army. Some intel systems back in the late 90s, early 2000s were based on UNIX or VMS both using X window interfaces.

  • "Gee En You" for a software history channel you'd think he would know how to pronounce these things.

  • Adept Robotics had an operating system called V+. Some of the people in that company were associated with Stanford.

  • The thing you missed that's going to be another inevitable comment. X Windows was never used on Windows, despite people calling it X Windows!

  • found the video after I had few pints
    fell asleep watched the rest in the morning

    I do like how you called out big green for being .. well d.cks when it comes to X and linux / unix drivers

  • I use X on my second laptop (installed Gentoo on a Chromebook believe it or not). It is interesting to know it's history! Great job man.

  • I’m younger than most everything that was described in this video — putting aside Wayland, of course. Sometimes I just want to go back and see what early computing was like. Then there are other times — such as when you described how Wayland works — that I remember that things are often better now than they were before…

  • Very well done historical documentary! You've earned my subscription

  • So much of this stuff happened while I was growing up and my time scales were off, that I thought this was all much more working and stable.

  • I worked as a student programmer at MIT's Project Athena from 1983 to 1985, and the X Window System was under rapid development during that period. DEC's VAXstation I recall was one of the primary platforms used, and they were networked to the several dozen VAX750s spread out across campus running BSD4.2. There was a lot of creative energy flowing around the project back then (sigh, 40 years ago now), and it's been interesting following the progress of X over the past four decades.

  • Someone hacked out Athena and replaced it with contemporary Windows 9x look. I used X built-in telepresence feature to once pop in an Xemacs screen halfway around the world a decade and half ago.

    BTW was Wayland once the alternative FrameBuffer Server for distros of yore? Never tried it at the time though.

  • It's "X". Always been "X". Thou shall not name anything else "X".

  • I’ve had it on my Mac’s for two decades. And never found out how it bloody works. 😂

  • I worked closely with Phil Karlton at SGI. His advice led to the asynchronous architecture in what became SGI ProDev, which carried the company for a year or two. Phil was often opinionated, and invariably had sound reasons. He was brilliant, had limited tolerance for crap, and successfully integrated SGI’s GL window system with X11. Lost touch for a while after I left to co-found HaL, and only learned of his and Jan’s passing from Jim Gettys after the fact.

    A wonderful colleague, mentor, and friend.

  • Around 52:14, I see the exactly the same problem preventing me using GNOME, the failure to launch gnome-terminal!

  • One of your best videos ever, thank you for this!

  • I have been waiting for Wayland since 2007.

  • This was a terrific presentation. I’ve spent hours and hours trying to get my head around X since 1994. I knew it had become significantly better but this really put it together in a very neat way. Thanks!

  • It’s Stanford not Stamford. Stamford is a university in Connecticut and doesn’t really have much to do with computer history.

  • Didn't you use the hyper productive office montage before?

  • Man, I loved X. It made me think I could run stuff from college on my own computer over the interwebs… I mean, I don't know how to do that beyond maybe the calc or clock… but still…

  • Excellent, as always. So many memories in this one 🙂

  • Wayland cant even properly do icons. You expect it to be useful for anything.

  • I think I took the wrong message from this video, because now I want to run PHIGS applications remotely over dial-up, and can't care less about antialiasing and anti-tearing.

  • There were actually X servers for NEXTSTEP, Cub'X and co-Xist. Apple even had a X11R5 server called MacX for System 7 and A/UX.

  • I was tired last night. Started watching it and feel asleep. So had to come back and start back from where i remembered. Wasn't boring at all, i was just tired.

  • I daily drive Fedora (with recent NVIDIA hardware) now i have switched to arch and AMD Radeon and i can agree to Linus and his famous NVIDIA statement…

  • Very informative, thank you! Do keep it going!!!!

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